GuidePublished: 2026-04-07

How to Buy Japanese Swords in Japan: Antique Markets, Sword Dealers, and Auction Houses

Legal Foundations: Registration Certificates and the Law

To legally possess and buy or sell a Japanese sword within Japan, a Token-Rui Toroku-sho (sword registration certificate, issued by each prefectural board of education) is required. This certificate is mandated by the Act Controlling Possession of Firearms and Swords. Possessing an unregistered sword is illegal.

When purchasing, always examine the registration certificate in person and verify that the sword's shape, length, and characteristics match the certificate's description. After any sale or transfer of ownership, both buyer and seller must promptly submit a change-of-possession notification—including names, addresses, and the transaction details—to the relevant prefectural board of education, generally within two weeks.

Foreign nationals may legally possess swords within Japan, but exporting a sword abroad is subject to cultural property export regulations. Important Cultural Properties and Important Art Objects (Juyo Bunkazai / Juyo Bijutsuhin) may generally not be exported; even for other swords, an export permit from the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry is required.

Finding a Reputable Sword Dealer

The safest route to purchasing a Japanese sword is through a dealer certified by the Society for the Preservation of Japanese Art Swords (Zen-Nihon Token Hozonkai, NBTHK) or the Japan Sword Dealers' Cooperative (Nihon Token Shoko Kumiai). Member dealers have passed vetting criteria, and the risk of forgeries or unregistered pieces is significantly lower.

Major sword dealer districts in Tokyo include Asakusabashi, Jimbocho, and around the antique shopping street (Kottodori) in Shibuya. In Osaka, look in the Dotonbori and Semba areas; in Kyoto, Teramachi-dori and around Sanjo have long-established shops.

When evaluating a dealer, look for: (1) a registration certificate and, where available, an authentication paper (origami from NBTHK or the Hon'ami family); (2) after-sales services such as polishing consultations, shirasaya fabrication, and handle re-wrapping; and (3) knowledgeable, helpful staff who are willing to explain in detail.